Niacin and niacinamide sound almost the same, and both are vitamin B3. On the skin, though, they behave very differently.
Two forms of vitamin B3
- Niacin (nicotinic acid) is used as a medicine, in tablets, mainly for cholesterol under a doctor’s care. It commonly causes flushing: warmth, redness and itching of the face and body. It is not used in skincare for that reason.
- Niacinamide (nicotinamide) is the form used in skincare. It does not cause flushing and is gentle enough for most skin types.
Both forms are found in food: meat, fish, eggs, dairy, whole grains, legumes and nuts. A normal diet provides enough for most people.
What niacinamide does for skin
- Supports the skin barrier: helps the skin make its own ceramides, so it holds moisture better.
- Calms redness and irritation.
- Reduces oiliness and the look of enlarged pores.
- Evens tone: reduces the transfer of pigment to the skin surface, helping dark spots and marks fade gradually.
- Modest improvement in fine lines and texture over time.
How to use it
- A serum or moisturiser with 2 to 5 per cent niacinamide, once or twice daily.
- It works well alongside sunscreen, retinoids, vitamin C and acne treatments, which makes it a useful “team player”.
- Give it eight to twelve weeks.
- Stop if you notice stinging or a rash; higher strengths irritate some people.
Niacinamide tablets?
Oral nicotinamide is used by dermatologists in specific situations, for example to help reduce the risk of some skin cancers in high-risk people, and occasionally for certain inflammatory conditions. It should be taken only on medical advice.
The bottom line
For skincare, look for niacinamide. Niacin tablets are a medicine with different uses and side effects. If you want help building a routine for pigmentation, oiliness or sensitive skin, a dermatologist can suggest what to combine niacinamide with. See our skincare basics.
